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The ''U-3'' class was a class of two submarines or U-boats built for and operated by the Austro-Hungarian Navy ((ドイツ語:Kaiserliche und Königliche Kriegsmarine ''or'' K.u.K. Kriegsmarine)). The ''U-3''-class boats were designed and built by Germaniawerft of Kiel, Germany. The class was a part of the Austro-Hungarian Navy's efforts to competitively evaluate three foreign submarine designs. The two ''U-3''-class boats, both launched in 1908, were just under long and were each powered by two kerosene two-stroke engines while surfaced, and two electric motors when submerged. The ''U-3'' class initially had diving problems that were alleviated after several modifications to fins and diving planes. Both boats of the class served in combat during World War I. , the lead boat of the class, was sunk by gunfire in August 1915. was the longest-serving Austro-Hungarian submarine and sank over of ships, including the Italian armored cruiser ''Giuseppe Garibaldi'' in July 1915. ''U-4'' was handed over to France as a war reparation in 1920 and scrapped. == Design and construction == In 1904, after allowing the navies of other countries to pioneer submarine developments, the Austro-Hungarian Navy ordered the Austrian Naval Technical Committee (MTK) to produce a submarine design. The January 1905 design developed by the MTK and other designs submitted by the public as part of a design competition were all rejected by the Navy as impracticable. They instead opted to order two submarines each of designs by Simon Lake, Germaniawerft, and John Philip Holland for a competitive evaluation. The two Germaniawerft submarines comprised the ''U-3'' class.〔Gardiner, p. 340.〕〔The Lake design became the ''U-1'' class while the Holland design became the ''U-5'' class.〕 The Navy authorized two boats, ''U-3'' and ''U-4'', from the Germaniawerft in 1906.〔Gibson and Prendergast, p. 384.〕 The ''U-3''-class was an improved version of Germaniawerft's design for the Imperial German Navy's first U-boat, ,〔 and featured a double hull with internal saddle tanks. The Germaniawerft engineers refined the design's hull shape through extensive model trials.〔 The boats were long by abeam and had a draft of . Each boat displaced surfaced and submerged. Each submarine had two bow torpedo tubes, and was designed to carry up to three torpedoes.〔 and were both laid down on 12 March 1907 at Germaniawerft in Kiel and were launched in August and November 1908, respectively.〔〔Sieche, p. 19.〕〔In their book ''The German Submarine War, 1914–1918'', R. H. Gibson and Maurice Prendergast report that both boats were launched in 1909 (p. 384).〕 After completion, each was towed to Pola via Gibraltar,〔 with ''U-3'' arriving in January 1909 and ''U-4'' arriving in April.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「U-3-class submarine (Austria-Hungary)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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